Since the follicular lining in the pilo-sebaceous unit is intact before puberty, it has been theorized that if colonization of Proprionibacterium acnes occurs in sufficient numbers they create antigenic molecules that stimulate the initiation of inflammation. Proprionibacterium acnes is able to synthesize proteinases, lipase, and hyaluronate lyase all of which can act as the catalysts or initiators of the inflammatory infiltrate which is composed of neutrophils and lymphocytes.

Hormonal Cause of Acne

The key player in the cause of acne in adolescence is hormones. At this phase androgens interact with receptors on the sebaceous glands and cause stimulation of the sebaceous gland to hypertrophy and so induce more sebaceous production of lipids and free fatty acids which distend the follicular canal. More specifically, there is evidence for enhanced peripheral metabolic transformation of the androgen testosterone to dihydrotestosterone at the level of the skin in persons having acne.

How Acne Forms

The basic lesion in this condition called acne vulgaris is the comedo. When exposed to oxygen the comedo becomes dark and forms what you know as a blackhead. The comedo is created by retention of layers of dead skin known as keratin in the lining of the follicles. In addition to hyperkeratosis (which is thickening or trapped layers of keratin), there is an accumulation of sebum. The combination of the keratin and the sebum leads to a plugging of the opening of the follicular canal, and papules are formed by inflammation around the comedones. Depending on the degree of inflammation, cysts, cars, nodules, pustules, granulomatous reactions, and keloids can develop.

Development of Acne

Inflammatory Response

Airborne contamination and other toxic materials further aggravate the inflammatory reaction. As bacteria begin to grow inside the clogged pore your immune system reacts by releasing granulocytes and macrophages, which are groups of white blood cells that destroy the bacteria. The inflammation process is needed to get rid of the continuing consequences of excess bacteria and signal the body to repair the harm to tissues. Often times the immune response system can't stop the multiplication of acne bacteria due to lack of white blood cells or an impaired system.

Activity of the Sebaceous Gland

When a comedo is clogging the exit of the sebum ducts, the sebaceous glands continue to form sebum, which accumulates in the sebum canal increasing the comedo in size. The expansion in size results in pressure and leads to a further intense inflammation reaction in the surrounding skin and produces redness, discomfort, swelling, and a mass (pimple, redhead, acne papule).

Growth of Acne Bacteria

The above factors encourage the growth of bacteria and result in infection inside the canal, the sebaceous gland, and surrounding tissue. The commencement of the infection produces further inflammatory alterations, therefore beginning a cycle of accentuated obstruction of the outflow of sebum which produces even more pressure, inflammation, and progressing infection making cysts and pustules to occur. The consequence on skin tissues caused by these infections is very harmful and the healing process commonly results in a scar.

Treatments For Acne

To find a good pimple remedy, you must remember that all individuals have different needs. Try various acne products, starting with the milder one, until you find what works for you. A good skin treatment can be the end of your acne.

Scars, imperfections and marks left behind by various acne conditions can now be easily faded thanks to a natural skin care product made with a hypoallergenic, non-irritant special component for the regeneration of your skin.